Android 换肤原理
- 制作皮肤包,皮肤包相当于一个apk,不过只包含了资源文件
- 获取到皮肤包的Resource对象
- 标记需要换肤的View
- 切换时刷新页面
换肤用的Api
1.通过的Resource获取皮肤包中资源(一般是图片,颜色)的id值
public class Resources { /********部分代码省略*******/ /** * 通过给的资源名称返回一个资源的标识id。 * @param name 描述资源的名称 * @param defType 资源的类型 * @param defPackage 包名 * * @return 返回资源id,0标识未找到该资源 */ public int getIdentifier(String name, String defType, String defPackage) { if (name == null) { throw new NullPointerException("name is null"); } try { return Integer.parseInt(name); } catch (Exception e) { // Ignore } return mAssets.getResourceIdentifier(name, defType, defPackage); }}复制代码
2. AssetManage用于构造获取皮肤包的Resource对象
创建一个包含皮肤包packageName的AssetManage对象实例
AssetManager assetManager = AssetManager.class.newInstance();/** * apk路径 */String apkPath = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory()+"/skin.apk";AssetManager assetManager = null;try { AssetManager assetManager = AssetManager.class.newInstance(); AssetManager.class.getDeclaredMethod("addAssetPath", String.class).invoke(assetManager, apkPath);} catch (Throwable th) { th.printStackTrace();}复制代码
3. 创建获取换肤包的Resource实例了:
public Resources getSkinResources(Context context){ /** * 插件apk路径 */ String apkPath = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory()+"/skin.apk"; AssetManager assetManager = null; try { AssetManager assetManager = AssetManager.class.newInstance(); AssetManager.class.getDeclaredMethod("addAssetPath", String.class).invoke(assetManager, apkPath); } catch (Throwable th) { th.printStackTrace(); } return new Resources(assetManager, context.getResources().getDisplayMetrics(), context.getResources().getConfiguration());}复制代码
4. 使用皮肤包中的资源,对app进行换肤
@Overrideprotected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); ImageView imageView = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.imageView); TextView textView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.text); /** * 插件资源对象 */ Resources resources = getSkinResources(this); /** * 获取图片资源 */ Drawable drawable = resources.getDrawable(resources.getIdentifier("night_icon", "drawable","com.tzx.skin")); /** * 获取Color资源 */ int color = resources.getColor(resources.getIdentifier("night_color","color","com.tzx.skin")); imageView.setImageDrawable(drawable); textView.setText(text);}复制代码
Android-Skin-Loader 换肤原理
1.load皮肤包
/** * Load resources from apk in asyc task * @param skinPackagePath path of skin apk * @param callback callback to notify user */public void load(String skinPackagePath, final ILoaderListener callback) { new AsyncTask() { protected void onPreExecute() { if (callback != null) { callback.onStart(); } }; @Override protected Resources doInBackground(String... params) { try { if (params.length == 1) { String skinPkgPath = params[0]; File file = new File(skinPkgPath); if(file == null || !file.exists()){ return null; } PackageManager mPm = context.getPackageManager(); //检索程序外的一个安装包文件 PackageInfo mInfo = mPm.getPackageArchiveInfo(skinPkgPath, PackageManager.GET_ACTIVITIES); //获取安装包报名 skinPackageName = mInfo.packageName; //构建换肤的AssetManager实例 AssetManager assetManager = AssetManager.class.newInstance(); Method addAssetPath = assetManager.getClass().getMethod("addAssetPath", String.class); addAssetPath.invoke(assetManager, skinPkgPath); //构建换肤的Resources实例 Resources superRes = context.getResources(); Resources skinResource = new Resources(assetManager,superRes.getDisplayMetrics(),superRes.getConfiguration()); //存储当前皮肤路径 SkinConfig.saveSkinPath(context, skinPkgPath); skinPath = skinPkgPath; isDefaultSkin = false; return skinResource; } return null; } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); return null; } }; protected void onPostExecute(Resources result) { mResources = result; if (mResources != null) { if (callback != null) callback.onSuccess(); //更新多有可换肤的界面 notifySkinUpdate(); }else{ isDefaultSkin = true; if (callback != null) callback.onFailed(); } }; }.execute(skinPackagePath);}复制代码
2. 换肤页面的基类,设置布局文件加载器LayoutInflate.Fatory
用于在加载布局文件创建View的时候,统计需要换肤的View对象
public class BaseFragmentActivity extends FragmentActivity implements ISkinUpdate, IDynamicNewView{ /***部分代码省略****/ //自定义LayoutInflater.Factory private SkinInflaterFactory mSkinInflaterFactory; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); try { //设置LayoutInflater的mFactorySet为true,表示还未设置mFactory,否则会抛出异常。 Field field = LayoutInflater.class.getDeclaredField("mFactorySet"); field.setAccessible(true); field.setBoolean(getLayoutInflater(), false); //设置LayoutInflater的MFactory mSkinInflaterFactory = new SkinInflaterFactory(); getLayoutInflater().setFactory(mSkinInflaterFactory); } catch (NoSuchFieldException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IllegalAccessException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } @Override protected void onResume() { super.onResume(); //注册皮肤管理对象 SkinManager.getInstance().attach(this); } @Override protected void onDestroy() { super.onDestroy(); //反注册皮肤管理对象 SkinManager.getInstance().detach(this); } }复制代码
3. SkinInflaterFactory 自定义布局文件加载器
在某个界面初始化在加载布局文件中的View的时候,通过自定义的布局文件解析器,创建View。
这里有一个判断,每次创建View的时候,会判断改View的skin:enable属性,如果为false,则不支持换肤,直接返回null,将View的创建的流程交给Activity自己创建。只有shin:enable属性为true的时候,才会自己创建View对象,并且在创建的View的同时,解析支持换肤的属性
public class SkinInflaterFactory implements Factory { public View onCreateView(String name, Context context, AttributeSet attrs) { //读取View的skin:enable属性,false为不需要换肤 // if this is NOT enable to be skined , simplly skip it boolean isSkinEnable = attrs.getAttributeBooleanValue(SkinConfig.NAMESPACE, SkinConfig.ATTR_SKIN_ENABLE, false); if (!isSkinEnable){ return null; } //创建View View view = createView(context, name, attrs); if (view == null){ return null; } //如果View创建成功,对View进行换肤 parseSkinAttr(context, attrs, view); return view; } //创建View,类比可以查看LayoutInflater的createViewFromTag方法 private View createView(Context context, String name, AttributeSet attrs) { View view = null; try { if (-1 == name.indexOf('.')){ if ("View".equals(name)) { view = LayoutInflater.from(context).createView(name, "android.view.", attrs); } if (view == null) { view = LayoutInflater.from(context).createView(name, "android.widget.", attrs); } if (view == null) { view = LayoutInflater.from(context).createView(name, "android.webkit.", attrs); } }else { view = LayoutInflater.from(context).createView(name, null, attrs); } L.i("about to create " + name); } catch (Exception e) { L.e("error while create 【" + name + "】 : " + e.getMessage()); view = null; } return view; }}复制代码
4. 创建了View之后,解析布局文件中View定义的换肤属性
解析View的属性,在某些属性(比如background,)支持换肤的时候,会将解析到的属性保存在一个SkinItem的对象中,每解析一个View都会生成一个SkinItem对象,然后保存在一个ArrayList 集合中,在点击切换按钮的时候,会遍历该List,替换资源。
public class SkinInflaterFactory implements Factory { //存储当前Activity中的需要换肤的View private ListmSkinItems = new ArrayList (); private void parseSkinAttr(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, View view) { //当前View的所有属性标签 List viewAttrs = new ArrayList (); for (int i = 0; i < attrs.getAttributeCount(); i++){ String attrName = attrs.getAttributeName(i); String attrValue = attrs.getAttributeValue(i); if(!AttrFactory.isSupportedAttr(attrName)){ continue; } //过滤view属性标签中属性的value的值为引用类型 if(attrValue.startsWith("@")){ try { int id = Integer.parseInt(attrValue.substring(1)); String entryName = context.getResources().getResourceEntryName(id); String typeName = context.getResources().getResourceTypeName(id); //构造SkinAttr实例,attrname,id,entryName,typeName //属性的名称(background)、属性的id值(int类型),属性的id值(@+id,string类型),属性的值类型(color) SkinAttr mSkinAttr = AttrFactory.get(attrName, id, entryName, typeName); if (mSkinAttr != null) { viewAttrs.add(mSkinAttr); } } catch (NumberFormatException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (NotFoundException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } //如果当前View需要换肤,那么添加在mSkinItems中 if(!ListUtils.isEmpty(viewAttrs)){ SkinItem skinItem = new SkinItem(); skinItem.view = view; skinItem.attrs = viewAttrs; mSkinItems.add(skinItem); //是否是使用外部皮肤进行换肤 if(SkinManager.getInstance().isExternalSkin()){ skinItem.apply(); } } }}复制代码
5. 在进行换肤的时候,替换资源
通过当前的资源id,找到对应的资源name。再从皮肤包中找到该资源name所对应的资源id。
public class SkinManager implements ISkinLoader{ /***部分代码省略****/ public int getColor(int resId){ int originColor = context.getResources().getColor(resId); //是否没有下载皮肤或者当前使用默认皮肤 if(mResources == null || isDefaultSkin){ return originColor; } //根据resId值获取对应的xml的的@+id的String类型的值 String resName = context.getResources().getResourceEntryName(resId); //更具resName在皮肤包的mResources中获取对应的resId int trueResId = mResources.getIdentifier(resName, "color", skinPackageName); int trueColor = 0; try{ //根据resId获取对应的资源value trueColor = mResources.getColor(trueResId); }catch(NotFoundException e){ e.printStackTrace(); trueColor = originColor; } return trueColor; } public Drawable getDrawable(int resId){...}}复制代码
这样整个换肤的流程就走完了